Essentially, the air conditioning unit works on the successive heating and cooling of a super-volatile fluid called Freon. The latter first goes into the compressor and is compressed into gas form, therefore giving off heat and cooling the fluid as a result. The dispelled heat is then fanned out with the help of a rotating fan BJ Refrigeration . Next, the liquid gets into the condenser and soaks up the surrounding heat to transform into vapor again. So obviously, the surroundings cool off. This entire process goes on in a cyclical pattern, therefore bringing down the temperature in the room.
Apart from the 3 above major parts of an air conditioner, the machine also has a hot coil, a cool coil, one exterior fan, one interior fan, and a control circuit in it. The hot coil is placed outside to dispel the heat out, and the cool coil is placed inside to absorb heat. The control circuit modifies the temperature by regulating the rotation speed of the fans with the aid of a potentiometer.
Of all its components, the compressor remains the most valuable and costly part of an air conditioner. So, the air conditioning unit manufacturers constantly offer a service warranty on the compressor. A compressor of superior make and quality has a long life and functions fine over years. And, if the original compressor gives you trouble, it can be substituted with a new one. Its easy to buy a new compressor and fit in your old air conditioning unit. However, here it is always suggested to choose the compressor of the same brand as that of the rest of the machine. However, the issue is that only a handful of companies make their own compressors. All the others simply buy them and install it in their air conditioning units.
The evaporator and condenser in an air conditioner can be replaced too. So can the coils, in case they break. Any problematic coil can result in faulty heat-dissipation, and result in a major malfunctioning after that. The 2 fans are the most basic of air conditioning unit parts that can be easily replaced, precisely because they are fixed with screws on the outside, and with wires inside the air conditioning unit circuit board.